The Role of Home Economics in Reducing Poverty and Unemployment in Afghanistan: A Comparative and Thematic Analysis

Abstract

Home economics is a multidisciplinary field with the potential to address key socio-economic challenges such as poverty and unemployment. In Afghanistan, where economic instability and limited formal employment opportunities persist, home economics offers a viable pathway for economic empowerment, particularly for women and marginalized communities. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating thematic analysis and comparative case studies to examine the role of home economics in reducing poverty and unemployment. By analyzing successful global models from countries like Bangladesh, India, Rwanda, and Pakistan, the study identifies best practices that can be adapted to Afghanistan’s unique socio-economic and cultural context. Findings indicate that skills such as tailoring, food production, and household budgeting can significantly enhance economic self-reliance, promote small-scale entrepreneurship, and reduce household expenditures. However, challenges such as cultural restrictions, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to financial resources hinder the widespread adoption of home economics programs. The study recommends capacity-building initiatives, microfinance support, policy integration, and enhanced market access as key strategies for effective implementation. By leveraging these insights, home economics can serve as a transformative tool for poverty alleviation and employment generation in Afghanistan, contributing to long-term community resilience and economic sustainability.